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FORMS OF RESTRICTED CARBOHYDRATE DIET: MONTIGNAC DIET

Founded on the premise that 'we should sweep away scruples and allow î epicurean instincts full rein', this diet is based on the glycaemic index (GI of different carbohydrates and focuses on foods with a GI less than 50. The system limits starches, sweets and alcohol strictly for an initial period, followed by a maintenance phase during which wine, cheese, chocolate and even foie gras are acceptable. The theory goes that foods with a high GI are absorbed rapidly into the bloodstream, stimulating overproduction of insulin and all the associated problems. 'Sugar should be labelled with a skull and crossbones' says Montignac, pointing out that high sugar and insulin levels lead to the laying down of body fat, so high GI foods (e.g. white bread and butter) should be avoided and certainly not mixed with fatty food.

The glycaemic index of different foods is undoubtedly important; low GI foods are a source of sustained, slow-release energy and are preferable to highly refined sugars, which appear in the bloodstream rapidly. The Montignac diet is less draconian than Atkins and allows the dieter to eat a more socially acceptable mixture.

Criticism of the diet is similar to that directed at the Atkins diet; weigh loss is due entirely to calorie restriction and high fat is likely to lead to heart problems; there may also be a lack of calcium and other nutrients. Additionally, it has been said that the Montignac diet encourages too high an alcohol intake; the body has no mechanism to store alcohol so it takes priority as the first substance to be metabolized, leaving any fat eaten at the same time to be laid down as adipose tissue protein, and is limited to 2 weeks at a time, followed by a 'keep-trim' programme. It can cause dramatic weight loss because of the calorie reduction but isn't nutritionally balanced and generally results in rebound weight gain.

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Hoodia gordonii (pronounced HOO-dee-ah) is also called hoodia, xhooba, !khoba, Ghaap, hoodia cactus, and South African desert cactus.Hoodia is a cactus that's causing a stir for its ability to suppress appetite and promote weight loss. 60 Minutes, ABC, and the BBC have all done stories on hoodia. Hoodia is sold in capsule, liquid, or tea form in health food stores and on the Internet. Hoodia gordonii can be found in the semi-deserts of South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, and Angola. Hoodia grows in clumps of green upright stems and is actually a succulent, not a cactus. It takes about 5 years before hoodia's pale purple flowers appear and the cactus can be harvested. Although there are 20 types of hoodia, only the hoodia gordonii variety is believed to contain the natural appetite suppressant.Although hoodia was "discovered" relatively recently, the San Bushmen of the Kalahari desert have been eating it for a very long time. The Bushmen, who live off the land, would cut off part of the hoodia stem and eat it to ward off hunger and thirst during nomadic hunting trips. They also used hoodia for severe abdominal cramps, haemorrhoids, tuberculosis, indigestion, hypertension and diabetes.In 1937, a Dutch anthropologist studying the San Bushmen noted that they used hoodia to suppress appetite. But it wasn't until 1963 when scientists at the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), South Africa's national laboratory, began studying hoodia. Initial results were promising -- lab animals lost weight after taking hoodia.The South African scientists, working with a British company named Phytopharm, isolated the active ingredient in hoodia, a steroidal glycoside, which they named p57. After getting a patent in 1995, they licensed p57 to Phytopharm. Phytopharm has spent more than $20 million on hoodia research.Eventually pharmaceutical giant Pfizer (makers of Viagra) caught wind of hoodia and became interested in developing a hoodia drug. In 1998, Phytopharm sub-licensed the rights to develop p57 to Pfizer for $21 million. Pfizer recently returned the rights to hoodia to Phytopharm, who is now working with Unilever. What you need to know about hoodiaHoodia appears to suppress appetite Much of the buzz about hoodia started after 60 minutes correspondent Leslie Stahl and crew traveled to Africa to try hoodia. They hired a local Bushman to go with them into the desert and track down some hoodia. Stahl ate it, describing it as "cucumbery in texture, but not bad." She lost the desire to eat or drink the entire day. She also didn't experience any immediate side effects, such as indigestion or heart palpitations. Stahl concluded, "I'd have to say it did work."In animal studies, hoodia is believed to reduce caloric intake by 30 to 50 percent. There is one human study showing a reduced intake of about 1000 calories per day. However, I haven't been able to find either study to actually read for myself and am going on secondhand reports.

Information on this site is provided for informational purposes only. It is not meant to substitute for medical advice provided by your physician or other medical professional. You should not use the information contained herein for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, or prescribing any medication. You should read carefully all product packaging and labels. If you have or suspect that you have a medical problem, promptly contact your physician or health care provider. Information and statements regarding dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. *With purchase of 4 bottles.

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